Feed-water heater and purifier



(No Model.)

AFBERNEY.

FEED WATER-HEATER AND PURIFIER.

Patented Oct. 11,1881.

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NY PETEHS. Fhotvlilhogrnnhm; Washington. D, c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALFRED BERNEY, F BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR To THE eLoBE COMPANY,OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

FEED-WATER HEATER AND PURIFIER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 248,008, dated October11, 1881.

Application filed March 24, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ALFRED BERNEY, a citizenof the United States, residing at Boston, in the county of Suffolk andState of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements inCirculating Feed-Water Heaters and Purifiers, of which the following isa specification.

My invention relates to a device for promoting circulation of water insteam-boilers, heat ing the feed-water, and preventing incrustation ofthe boiler-sheets. Its object is, fir st, to prevent decrease of thesteam in the boiler at the time of introducing feed-water. The decreaseof steam isa very common annoyance,

especially to locomotive-engineers, and results from'the fact that mostall boiler-feeders introduce the feed-water at a temperatureconsiderably below that of the water and steam in the boiler, thusreducing the temperature of the whole volume, checking the making ofsteam, and frequently causing condensation of a portion of the steamalready formed. Its second object is to cause strong currents of hotwater to enter the boiler directly from the feeder and branch in variousdirections, thus causing currents in the whole volume within the boiler,which result in a general circulation. Its third object is to interceptsedimentary matter in the feed-water before it reaches the boiler, andthus prevent incrustation of the boiler-sheets. The incrustation ofboilers being known as a prime cause of their deterioration and aprolific source of danger, es'pe-- cially when salt and lime waters areused,

many inventions have been made looking to its prevention, and among suchinventions are various improvements in feed-water heaters, someforms ofwhich have been intended to purify the water as well as heat it by theuse 'of a series of shelves or shallow basins, upon or in which thesolid material will be deposited as the temperature of the water isincreased. In others the water is filtered; but prior to my invention,so far as I am aware,

'no filtering feed-water heater has yetbeen devised which is adequate tofurnish a proper supply of water, and none has been produced withdevices for satisfactorilyintercepting the calcareous deposits whichattend the use of limestone water.

In the accomplishment of its several objects my invention consists,generally, in the combination, with a steam-boiler and its furnace orfire-box, of a tubular chamber located within said fire-box or furnace,and connected with the water-space of the boiler by a perforated pipeextending through a portion of said water-space, an inner cylinderarranged within and separated by an intervening space from the wall ofsaid chamber, and having a sedimentchamber in its lower portion andperforations through its upper portion, and provided with means forconnection with a feed-water supply, and a series of spikes, studs, orprojections arranged above said sediment-chamber and within said innercylinder, substantially as hereinafter described; and it consists, also,in certain sub-combinations for'the performance of the several objectsseparately.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal central sectionofa steam-boiler and fire-box of thelocomotive pattern with my improveddevice applied thereto, and shown, also, in longitudinal centralsection. Fig. 2 is a cross-section of my feed-water heater and purifierdetached.

The letter A designates a strong rolled-iron tube or tubular chamberarranged in the upper part of the fire-box or furnace above thefurnace-door, and extending from the front wall, B, to near the backwall, ,0. The front end of said tube or chamber is open through thefront wall, B, and firmly secured thereto all around, and a narrowflange, 1), projects inward on the lower semicircle of the mouth of saidtube. From the center of rear end of said .tube A a pipe, D, leadsthrough the rear wall, 0, of the firebox or furnace, entering, andpreferably connected by screw-thread with, a perforated tube, E, whichextends from the wall 0 to the rear head of the boiler, a little belowits center. The end of said perforated 'tube is screwed through athreaded hole in the head of the boiler, and is closed bya screwplug,(1,

The letter F indicates a hollow cylinder of heavy sheet-iron of lessdiameter than the tubular chamber Asay four inches less in diameter andfour inches shorter-so that when the cylinder F is supported aboutcentrally within the chamber A there will be a space two inches widebetween the longitudinal walls and four its sediment-chamber, that it iscapable of deinches wide between the end walls of the two cylinders.

The cylinder F is permanently closed at its rear end, and is closed by ascrew-cap,f, at its front end, which extends somewhat in front of themouth of the chamber A. The front end of the cylinder Frests upon thenarrow flange b at the mouth of chamber. Its rear end rests upon a seat,b, formed for it in the tube A, and its upper surface is provided withstuds or pins 0, which keep it at a proper distance from the surface ofthe said tube A.

The upper portion of the wall of the hollow cylinder F is thicklyperforated, as shown at g, and within said cylinder, somewhat below theline of its horizontal diameter, is arranged a longitudinal perforatedpartition or grating, H, upon the top of which is secured an iron bar,I, from which a great number of iron spikes or studs, 2', radiatehorizontally and upwardly at various inclinations. The space below thepartition H forms a sediment-chamber.

From the center of the screw-cap j, which closes the cylinder F, a pipe,K, leads through a movable cover, L, which closes a man-hole in thefront boiler head or sheet, the boiler being constructed, as usual, witha watenspace between the outer sheets and the walls of the fire-box. Thepipe K is to make connection with a feed-pump or injector.

A pipe, M, may lead from the pipe D up through the top wall of thefire-box and into the water-space of the boiler, to assist in thecirculation. The circulation is also assisted by the space left open atthe mouth of the chamber A, between it and the upper portion of cylinderF.

The operation of the invention is as follows: The furnace keeps the tubeA and cylinder F heated to a high degree, and when feed-water passingthrough the pipe K enters said cylinder it becomes highly heated, evenbefore passing to the chamber A, and a large portion of its carbonate oflime, in the case of limestonewater, is deposited upon the spikes orstuds 1', while its mud and sand settle through the perforated partitionor grating H to the sedimentchamber, where it rests comparativelyundisturbed. The water leaves the cylinderFpretty well purified, andpasses through the perforations g to the space between said cylinder andthe wall of tube A, where it is still more intensely heated, and fromwhence it is forcibly ejected through the pipe D to pipe E, from theperforations in the top of which it escapes in strong currents atvarious inclinations, causing currents in the surrounding volume ,ofwater and contributing to the production of a thorough circulation,being aided by the injection of water from the mouth of the tube Aaround the upper part of cylinder F, and also by the current through thepipe M, when such a pipe is used. The impurities of the water aredeposited to such an extent in the cylinder F, upon its spikes and otheriron surfaces, and in positing but very little crust upon theboilersheets.

,By removing the cover L of the man-hole, which is a little larger thanthe cylinder, said cylinder can be drawn out, its screw-cap andpartition or grating and spikes removed, the sedimentchamber cleanedout, and the deposit upon the spikes and other surfaces removed in anywell-known or convenient manner. The parts may be then again placedtogether and the cylinder returned to its position for further use.

I do not limit myself, of course, to the precise form or arrangement ofthe various parts above described, as it is obvious that they may bevaried greatly without departing from the principle of my invention.

What I claim is-- 1. The combination, with a steam-boiler and itsfurnace or fire box, of an outer chamber located within said fire box orfurnace and connected with the water-space of the boiler, and aremovable inner chamber arranged within said chamber and provided withmeans for connection with a feed-pump or injector, said inner chamberbeing separated from the outer chamber by an intervening space andprovided with waterpassages leading to said outer chamber, substantiallyas described, whereby the feed-water will be heated and caused todeposit its impurities in said inner chamber and then pass to the outerchamber, where it will be further heated and forced into the boiler.

2. The combination,with the boiler and furnace, of the chamber A,located in the furnace or fire box and connected with the water-space ofthe boiler, and the inner centrally-supported cylinder, F, having itsupper portion perforated and provided with a perforated horizontalpartition or grating, below which is a sedimentchamber, said innercylinder being provided with means for connection with a feed-watersupply, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the furnace and boiler, of the chamber A,located within the fire-box and provided with means for intermediateconnection with a feed-water supply, and a perforated pipe connectedwith said chamber and extending through a portion of the water-space ofthe boiler, substantially as described, whereby when the feed -waterisheated in said chamber it will be forced into the boiler in currents ofvarious directions.

4. The feed-water heater and purifier composed of the chamber providedwith means for connection with the water-space of a steamboiler, and theinner cylinder separated from the walls of said outer chamber by anintervening space, and provided with a perforated horizontal partitionor grating, and a number of surfaces for intercepting sediment andattracting deposit from the feed-water arranged above said partition,substantially as described.

5. The combination, in a feed-water heater and purifier, of the outerchamber provided with means for connection with the waterspaceof asteam-boiler, the inner cylinder separated therefrom by an interveningspace and provided with a sediment-chamber in its lower portion andperforations through its upper portion, and with means for connectionwith a feed-water supply, and the spikes or studs arranged above thesaid sediment-chamber, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.10

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

Witnesses: ALFRED BERNEY.

J AS. L. NoRRIs, J. A. RUTHERFORD.

